Voxel Based Concrete 3D Printing
Voxel-Based Volumetric 3D Printing
OVERVIEW | OBJECTIVES
This project delves into an innovative approach to toolpath planning, employing volumetric techniques. By utilizing voxelization, we convert intricate shapes into seamless toolpaths. We will explore the computational intricacies, with a focus on both the voxelization process and the robotic creation of pedestals based on tetrahedra. This investigation encompasses single and double layers, tailored to fit voxel topologies.
Design Computation: Voxelization
The computational design system for voxel-based robotic toolpath planning is a comprehensive tool that can work with any closed Boundary Representation (B-Rep) volumes as input. It uses a method called voxelization, where the volume is divided into small blocks (voxels) to create a roadmap for the robot. Tetrahedral-Octahedral honeycomb pattern was specifically chosen because it fits well with the shapes we are working with. This pattern ensures that what we are printing is stable and can be easily built, as the angles are always greater than 45 degrees.
In this system, we have added a feature called recursive voxelization. This means we break down each voxel into even smaller parts to strengthen areas that might be weak during or after printing. With this system, we can create toolpaths that follow the outer edges of the volume or add an extra layer inside for reinforcement. This helps to make sure that the final printed object is strong and stable.
Robotic Production: Single to Double Layer Tetrahedral-Based Pedestals
The set of prototypes created for the voxel-based toolpath planning includes four pedestals, each with different initial volumes used as design inputs. Previous images show the four concrete 3D-printed prototypes, along with an analysis using the finite element method, which helps identify areas that might fail during printing. This analysis guides us to apply additional recursive voxelization to reinforce printability during production. Alternatively, designers can choose a double-layer voxel-based toolpath planning, as shown earlier. This choice enhances the stability and structural integrity of the printed prototypes.
Conclusion
This project examines the shift from traditional single-curve methods to voxel-based systems for designing and manufacturing urban furniture. The investigation begins with a detailed analysis of curved-based continuous 3D printing, highlighting controlled recursive voxelization centering around continuous toolpaths. The exploration extends to voxel-based approaches, incorporating tetrahedral structures to seamlessly integrate external surface patterns and internal infill. This project showcases how creative toolpaths can transform designs to meet specific contextual and functional requirements. It also devise strategies for implementing performance-driven structures that enhance stability throughout the printing process and beyond.
INFO | CREDITS
Authors of this Page: Sina Mostafavi, Bahar Bagheri, Edgar Montejano Hernandez
Industry Collaborator: XTreeE Large Scale 3d